According to the latest research, the number of cases of penile cancer has increased considerably.
In 2022, the JMIR journal of Public Health published the results of a large-scale analysis involving information from at least 43 countries. And the truth is that the numbers are increasing and if this continues, by 2050 there will be 70% more cases compared to current numbers.
This change can be largely attributed to the aging of the population, according to experts, who point out that the highest incidence occurred in men over 60 years of age.
What is the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) and penile cancer?
HPV is a group of viruses that includes more than 150 different types, some of which are associated with various types of cancers. And it is the main risk factor for the development of penile cancer. It is estimated that between 80% and 90% of cases of this disease are related to HPV infection.
The virus is primarily transmitted through sexual contact, and some specific types, such as HPV 16 and 18, have greater oncogenic potential.
The most common symptoms of penile cancer are:
- A growth or sore that does not heal within four weeks.
- A rash on the penis.
- Bleeding from the penis or under the foreskin.
- A smelly discharge.
- Thickening of the skin of the penis (phimosis).
- Change in color of the skin of the penis or foreskin.
- A lump in the groin.
- Feeling excessively tired.
- Stomach pain that does not go away.
- Lose weight without trying
Is penile cancer contagious?
Penile cancer is not contagious. However, HPV is transmitted through skin-to-skin contact (most often) during unprotected sex.
HPV prevention is essential and can be achieved through these measures:
- Vaccination: Vaccination is recommended for both boys and girls between the ages of 9 and 14, and has been extended to age 18 in some countries. In addition, it is suggested to complete the vaccination schedule in women up to 45 years of age.
- Regular screening: Sexually active women should undergo tests such as Pap smears and HPV tests regularly to detect possible premalignant lesions.
- Condom use: Although they do not provide complete protection, condoms can help reduce the risk of transmitting HPV during sex.
- Sexual education: Promote sexual education and awareness about HPV and its risks to encourage safe sexual behaviors.
It is important to keep in mind that even when having only one sexual partner, there is still a risk of contagion, since each individual can bring with them the sexual history of their previous partners.
